LESSON 21
Thoughts & reported speech

Report thoughts and speech with 〜と 思います/〜と 言います, seek confirmation with 〜でしょう?, say an event takes place with 〜で 〜が あります, and suggest with 〜でも.

単語Vocabulary38 words
thinkv.
sayv.
winv.
lose, be beatenv.
[a festival] be held, take placev.
be usefulv.
move, workv.
quit [a company], stop, give upv.
pay attention, take carev.
study abroadv.
wastefulな-adj
inconvenientな-adj
awful, great (astonishment/admiration)い-adj
truen.
lien.
car, automobilen.
transport, trafficn.
[commodity] pricesn.
announcement, broadcastn.
newsn.
anime (Japanese animated film)n.
comic bookn.
design, artworkn.
dreamn.
geniusn.
game, match (〜を します)n.
opinionn.
talk, speech, story (〜を します)n.
earthn.
moonn.
recently, these daysadv.
probably, perhaps, maybeadv.
surely, definitelyadv.
reallyadv.
not so (used with negatives)adv.
about ~, concerning ~part.
It's been a long time.exp.
of courseexp.
文型Grammar patterns7 points
State a thought, conjecture or opinion (negate the clause before と). Ask an opinion with 〜について どう 思いますか.
例
I think it's going to rain tomorrow.
Report speech with と: directly (inside 「」) or indirectly (plain form). Mark the listener with に.
例
Mr. Miller said he would go to Tokyo on business.
Seek agreement or confirmation (rising intonation); drop 〜だ for な-adjectives and nouns.
例
You're going to the party tomorrow, right?
A ceremony or event (party, festival, match, incident…) takes place — あります = "be held / occur".
例
There's a soccer match in Tokyo.
で marks the occasion on which an action takes place.
例
I gave my opinion at the meeting.
でも gives a non-restrictive example when suggesting or recommending.
例
How about drinking a beer or something?
An abbreviated obligation (…ないと いけません with the ending left off).
例
I have to be getting home...
例文Example sentences4 pairs
Q.
Has Mr. Miller heard that news?
A.
No, I don't think he has.
Q.
What do you think of the new airport?
A.
It's lovely, but it's a bit hard to get to.
Q.
Mobile phones are handy, aren't they?
A.
Yes, I think so, too.
Q.
You're going to the party tomorrow, right?
A.
Yes, I am.
参考役職名[やくしょくめい] — Positions in Society19 words
prime minister (of the 国 nation)
governor (of a 都道府県[とどうふけん] prefecture)
city mayor
town mayor
village headman
[university] president
head teacher, principal (school)
[kindergarten] principal
chairman
company president
director
department head
section head
[bank] president
branch manager
stationmaster
[hospital] director
head nurse
officer in charge (police)
漢字Kanji10 characters
think
9 strokes
say, word
7 strokes
win
12 strokes
lose, bear
9 strokes
mix, exchange
6 strokes
pass through
10 strokes
mind, meaning
13 strokes
most
12 strokes
near, recent
7 strokes
dream
13 strokes
練習Review quiz6 questions
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みんなの日本語 初級I 第2版 · Personal revision template — Lesson 21