LESSON 10
Existence and location

Say what exists where with 〜が あります／います and 場所に〜, describe positions (上・下・前・隣…) and list with 〜や.

単語Vocabulary43 words
exist, be (inanimate things)v.
exist, be (animate things)v.
variousな-adj
mann.
womann.
boyn.
girln.
dogn.
catn.
pandan.
elephantn.
tree, woodn.
thingn.
batteryn.
boxn.
switchn.
refrigeratorn.
tablen.
bedn.
shelfn.
doorn.
windown.
postbox, mailboxn.
buildingn.
cash machine, ATMn.
convenience storen.
parkn.
café, coffee shopn.
~ shop, ~ storesuff.
a fixed place to catch taxis, trains, etc.n.
prefecturen.
on, above, overn.
under, below, beneathn.
front, beforen.
back, behindn.
right [side]n.
left [side]n.
in, insiden.
outsiden.
next, next doorn.
near, vicinityn.
between, amongn.
~, ~, and so onpart.
文型Grammar patterns5 points
Existence: あります for things, います for people/animals. The noun is marked by が.
例
There's a computer.
に marks where the thing/person is (interrogatives なに／だれ, always followed by が).
例
There's a desk in my room.
Topic first, then its location. (どこ/place + です also possible, then no に.)
例
Tokyo Disneyland is in Chiba prefecture.
Position word (上・下・前・隣・近く・間…) joined to N1 with の.
例
The post office is next to the bank.
や lists a few representative items ("…, … etc."); など may follow the last one.
例
There are some letters, photographs and other things in the box.
例文Example sentences4 pairs
Q.
What's in the basement?
A.
There's a restaurant.
Q.
Who's at the reception desk?
A.
Ms. Kimura is.
Q.
Where's Tokyo Disneyland?
A.
It's in Chiba prefecture.
Q.
Where's Mr. Miller?
A.
He's in the office.
参考うちの 中[なか] — Inside the house10 words
entrance hall
toilet
bathroom
washroom
kitchen
dining room
living room
bedroom
hall
balcony
漢字Kanji8 characters
up, above
3 strokes
down, below
3 strokes
inside, middle
4 strokes
front, before
9 strokes
behind, after
9 strokes
right
5 strokes
left
5 strokes
between, interval
12 strokes
練習Review quiz6 questions
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みんなの日本語 初級I 第2版 · Personal revision template — Lesson 10